Backward Chaining
Definition
A chaining method in which the trainer completes all steps except the last, which the learner performs and is reinforced for; then the last two, and so on toward the beginning. Because the learner always completes the task and contacts the natural reinforcer at the end, it is often chosen for learners who need to see the finished result.
In plain language
The helper does all the steps except the last one, which the learner does. Then the last two, working backward. The learner always gets to finish.
Example
Putting on a shirt: the technician does everything except pulling the hem down, which the learner does and gets praised for.
Not backward chaining
The learner attempts every step each time with help where needed. That is total-task chaining.
Commonly confused with
See also
Written from
- skinner-1953
Written from Skinner (1953) on chained responses and general chaining practice. No textbook glossary consulted.
This entry has not yet been through clinical review. Treat it as a draft.